Basic Grammar

The sentence structure :

Indirect subject wa grammatical subject ga "adjective" + desu is used to describe to want something, like/dislike and skills.

To Want
Saying "I want (something)" is pretty easy. Just say the thing you want and add ga hoshii to it.
The negative of hoshii is hoshiku nai

Nomimono ga hoshii desu / I want a drink
Ke-ki ga hoshii desu ka / Do you want cake?
Watashi wa asa-gohan ga hoshiku nai desu / I dont want breakfast

Want To Do
Sentences may be transformed to express wishes by changing o into ga & masu into tai desu
First get the masu form of the verb. Then drop the masu and add tai.

Tabemasu (To eat) becomes Tabetai (Want to eat)
Nomimasu (To drink) becomes Nomitai (Want to drink)
Shimasu (To do) becomes Shitai (Want to do)

Watashi wa hon ga yomitai desu / I want to read a book
Watashi wa hana ga mitai desu / I want to see flowers
Watashi wa netai desu / I want to sleep
Ke-ki o tabetai desu ka / Do you want to eat cake?
Anata wa nani ga shitai desu ka / What do you want to do?

I Dont Want To
You can make negative statements by converting tai desu into either taku arimasen or taku nai desu. The direct object may be followed by either ga or o.
My examples below uses the latter.

Watashi wa hon ga/o yomitaku nai desu
I do not want to read a book

Ototo wa arukitaku nai desu
The younger brother does not want to walk

You can form the negative past tense by changing taku nai desu into taku nakatta desu. The direct object can be followed by ga or o as above.

Kinoo watashi wa benkyou ga/o shitaku nakatta desu
Yesterday, I did not want to study

To Like
It is easy to like something and to say it! Just add ga suki after the object that you like.
For something you dislike, just add ga kirai after the object of dislike.

Watashi wa tenisu ga suki desu / I like tennis
Watashi wa ninjin ga kirai desu / I dislike carrots
Anata wa nani ga suki desu ka / What do you like?

The negative of suki/kirai desu is suki/kirai de wa arimasen

Betty-san wa ringo ga suki de wa arimasen / Betty does not like apples

I Am Good At That
Good (at a particular skill) / Jouzu
Bad (at a particular skill / Heta

Ojiisan wa Nihon-go ga jozu desu / Grandfather is good at Japanese language

Below are addditional information :)

I Think
You believe what you say, but are not 100% sure. It is also used to show one's opinion, just add to omoimasu at the end.

Sakana wa oishii to omoimasu / I think fish is delicious

Become
To show the state of to become something, use ni narimasu. The ni is placed after what is becoming something. The narimasu means to become. Nouns and -na adjectives use ni narimasu.
The negative future tense is obtained by changing narimasu into narimasen

Yoru ni narimashita / It has become night (mashita shows past)
Tomodachi ni narimashou / Let's become friends (mashou means "Let's")
Yoru gakkou wa shizuka ni narimasu / At night, school will be quiet
Ashita wa atsuku narimasen / It will not be hot tomorrow

-Ing
This is a very important grammar point. It corresponds to the English "-ing" form.
It is used to describe things happening now.
To use the form, change the first verb into the 'te' form. Then add the 'imasu'.

Ima anata ni hanashite imasu / I am talking to you now
Ima gohan o tabete imasu / I am eating rice now

This form is also used when stating things that are done on a regular basis (even if you are not presently doing the activity)

Mai nichi, nihongo o ichi jikan benkyou shite imasu / Everyday, I study Japanese for an hour.

Ok, I hope the above information & examples helps :))

Posted By : Jasvale

Labels: Grammar and Vocab