Verbs ~ Action Words

One of the characteristics of the Japanese language is that the verb generally comes at the end of the sentence. Since Japanese sentences often omit the subject, the verb is probably the most important part in understanding the sentence

Masu-verbs are used for the polite style of speech, which is the most commonly used style.
Its appropriate for general use so I'll be using only masu-verbs in my notes.
Below is a list of masu-verbs which I've came across. The list is not exhaustive though, I'll add on more as & when I come across them :)

Too many words to learn at one go, isn't it? Probably you can start to memorise a few at a time till such time when the words just come naturally to yr mind & you can proceed on with the next few & so forth! Well, learning japanese has made me feel like a small small kid all over again learning how to write, speak & understanding its meaning. Learning is really fun, ya?
(Have to tell yrself its fun even when it's too hard, ya?) SO, even if the going gets tough, try motivating yourself & persevere!
A new language if mastered well is both a skill & an asset, agree? YES!!!

Wash - Araimasu あらいます
Speak - Hanashimasu 　はなします
Buy - Kaimasu 　かいます
Sell - Urimasu 　うります
Write/Draw - Kakimasu 　かきます
Listen to/Hear - Kikimasu 　ききます
See/Watch - Mimasu 　みます
Learn - Naraimasu 　ならいます
Drink - Nomimasu 　のみます
Eat - Tabemasu 　たべます
Take - Torimasu 　　とります
Send - Okurimasu 　おくります
Make - Tsukurimasu 　つくります
Read - Yomimasu 　よみます
Wait - Machimasu 　まちます
Sleep - Nemasu 　ねます
Know - Shirimasu 　しります
Play - Asobimasu 　あそぶます
Walk - Arukimasu 　あるきます
Go - Ikimasu 　いきます
Come - Kimasu 　きます
Leave - Demasu 　でます
Do - Shimasu 　します
Return - Kaerimasu 　かえります
Meet - Aimasu 　あいます
Enter - Hairimasu 　はいります
Begin - Hajimarimasu 　はじまります
Have - Mochimasu 　もちます
Think - Omoimasu 　おもいます
Sit - Suwarimasu 　すわります
Stand - Tachimasu 　たちます
Wake Up - Okimasu 　おきます
Stop - Tomarimasu 　とまります
Arrive - Tsukimasu 　つきます
Sing - Utaimasu 　うたいます
Understand - Wakarimasu 　わかります
Laugh - Waraimasu 　わらいます
Teach - Oshiemasu 　おしえます
Get off - Orimasu 　おります

Present Tense
Japanese verb forms have two main tenses, the present and the past. There is no future tense. The present tense is used for future and habitual action as well.

Past Tense
The past tense is used to express actions completed in the past (I saw, I bought etc.) and present perfect tense (I have read, I have done etc).

Take off ~masu , and add ~ mashita

Present Negative
To make sentence negative, verb endings are changed into negative forms

Replace ~ masu with ~ masen

Past Negative
Add ~ deshita to the formal present negative form

Examples :
Present Tense
1) Nomimasu
2) Tabemasu
3) Mimasu

Past Tense
1) Nomimashita
2) Tabemashita
3) Mimashita

Present Negative
1) Nomimasen
2) Tabemasen
3) Mimasen

Past Negative
1) Nomimasen deshita
2) Tabemasen deshita
3) Mimasen deshita

Forming Sentences
Otoosan wa shinbun o yomimasu / Father reads newspapers
Watashi wa nihon-go o naraimasu / I learn Japanese
Imooto wa pan o tsukurimasu / The younger sister makes bread

Would you like to __?
Negative masu-verbs + ka means Would you like to __?

Eiga o mimasen ka / Would you like to see a movie?
Kore o yomimasen ka / Would you like to read this?

Posted By : Jasvale

Labels: Grammar and Vocab